The tombs of the 4th-3rd century BC

During the 4th century BC the construction of the city walls very clearly defined the limits of the city, and in this modified urban structure the presence of areas used as necropolises even within the walls, in the areas free of buildings, appears clear. However, the most extensive necropolises areas are found almost exclusively all on the edges of the area enclosed by the fortifications, along the road axes that led out of Ugento, mostly inside but also outside them.
The main nucleus of the settlement dated from the 4th to the 3rd century BC still occupies, the hill of Ugento (fig. 1, A), as it did before and in later centuries. In the immediate vicinity, in via Messapica and in the area of the Castle some limited cemeteries were found, (fig. 1, nos. 54 and 56), to which a fragmentary stele found in 1914 in the garden of the former Convent of the Friars Minor Observant (fig. 1, no. 55), now the site of the Archaeological Museum, and bearing a lacunose Messapian inscription (MLM 9 Uz), dated between the second half of the 3rd and the end of the 2nd cent. BCE, now preserved in the Colossus Collection (fig. 2). The necropolis on the eastern slopes of the hill, in the village along via Salentina, continued to be used, where the cemetery with the "Tomb of the Athlete" (fig. 1, no. 62) is still in use, near which a slab-case tomb was excavated, from which only a black-painted kantharos datable to the late 4th and early 3rd centuries BC was recovered. The cemetery extended northwards to the Priore area (fig. 1, nos. 62 and 63), probably near the urban section of the so-called via Sallentina, which connected Ugento to the Messapian settlements of Alezio (to the northwest) and Vereto (to the southeast). In this necropolis, a base in “pietra leccese”, now in the Archaeological Museum of Taranto (fig. 3), made by workers from Taranto at the end of the 4th-3rd century BC. and belonging to the grave marker of a prominent person, likened to a hero thanks to the sculptural decoration of the artefact (which includes scenes of infantrymen and horsemen fighting) aimed at exalting the warrior virtus of the deceased (fig. 1, no. 64), and the lower part of a pillar or altar bearing a Messapian funerary inscription (MLM 6 Uz) dated between the second half of the 3rd and the end of the 2nd century BC (fig. 4), also now preserved in the Colossus Collection (fig. 1, no. 61). Other burial areas belonging to the same main settlement core are known in the northwestern sector of the hill, northwest of the Colonne area. 
In the south-central part of the area, in via Mazzini (fig. 1, no. 57) and via N. Armida (fig. 1, no. 58) where a slab tomb has yielded some a few grave goods dated between the late 4th-early 3rd and late 3rd cent. BC, and in the northwestern part, in via Petrarca (fig. 1, no. 11) and via Verdi (fig. 1, no. 12) a few burials group were found; the latter were located close to a street axis that headed toward the open gateway along the city wall at via Petrarca, near which a necropolis was probably located: a slab-case tomb datable to the 4th century BC was found immediately inside the gate (fig. 1, no. 3), and another of the same type was found ca. 40 m further east (fig. 1, no. 4), along the southern side of the road that crossed it; in addition, another slab-case tomb, whose grave goods can be dated beyond the mid-4th century B.C, was discovered in via Tasso, ca. 40 m northwest of the gate, below the outer face of the wall (fig. 1, no. 1). Another cemetery was located further north, in the Mandorle area, at the northwestern end of the area enclosed by the walls, close to another settlement (fig. 1, B). In particular, slab-case and sarcophagus tombs dated to the 4th-3rd centuries BC lined via Mandorle (fig. 1, no. 8), which traces an ancient road axis. Other tombs were also found along the same street (fig. 1, nos. 9 and 10) and nearby, in via Alighieri (fig. 1, no. 7), where a burial (fig. 1, no. 5) yielded a set of grave goods dated between the late 4th and the first half of the 3rd century BC, on display in the Museum. Furthermore, in via Monsignor Pugliese (fig. 1, no. 6), a semi-chamber tomb was found, obliterated by the remains of residential buildings dating from the late 3rd century BC. 
In the flat territories located on the western and southwestern slopes of the greenhouse, several more or less extensive cemeteries have been documented, referable to the recognizable settlement cores in this sector of the city. Starting from the north, several tombs from the 4th-3rd centuries BC were found in via Aghelberto del Balzo (fig. 1, no. 21), where the necropolis already in use since the 5th century BC continues to be used; in the Vigne Vecchie area (fig. 1, nos. 46 and 47) and in via Mare, where a sarcophagus tomb dating to the late 4th century BC was found in 1956 (fig. 1, no. 39), which yielded an epichysis and a red-figure-decorated dish, both of Apulian production, and in 1988 five sarcophagus and slab-case tombs were unearthed, that yielded grave goods from the 3rd-2nd century BC (fig. 1, no. 45), one belonging to a young inhumate and the remaining four containing a total of 14 infant depositions on a coppice. These burials are all located close to a settlement core (fig. 1, C) and an ancient road axis that ran northwest/south-east on the western slopes of the Ugento hill, connecting two open gates in the city walls and located in via Peri and piazza R. Moro. However, two other burial contexts, have been identified a little further east of the route, along via Giannuzzi (fig. 1, nos. 23 and 48), the second of which, is in use mainly during the 2nd century BC. Farther west, however, graves of the early Hellenistic age were discovered in the Cupa area (fig. 1, nos. 19 and 20), where numerous infant burials on tiles generically dated between the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC were unearthed, and in via Corfu (fig. 1, no. 22), via Piave (fig. 1, no. 24), via Acquarelli (fig. 1, no. 25), via Bolzano (fig. 1, nos. 32, 33, 35 and 36) and via Mare (fig. 1, no. 38), all located near another road axis roughly parallel to the previous one, while not far away a tomb was axcavated in via Trieste (fig. 1, no. 37); among the tombs in via Bolzano, two slab-box tombs found in 1979 stand out (fig. 1, no. 35), bearing grave goods, exhibited in the Museum, referable to the second half of the 4th-early 3rd century BC (Tomb 1) and the mid- to late 4th century BC (Tomb 2), both characterised by the presence of the trozzella. 
Also in this sector of the city, near the open gates in the city walls, both inside and outside the fortifications, more extensive necropolises were found,: in piazza R. Moro (fig. 1, nos. 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44), where a tomb excavated in 1969 yielded a grave good, exhibited in the Museum, dated to the late 5th-early to mid-4th centuries BC, also bearing a columned krater with the banded decoration of local manufacture; along via Acquarelli (fig. 1, nos. 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30), where there is a cemetery in use until the late Hellenistic period, and in via Peri (fig. 1, nos. 15, 16, 17 and 18), where, in use between the 4th and 2nd centuries BC, isolated tombs and parts of a cemetery, , were excavated between 1965 and 2008, which also yielded tombs of infants on tiles placed inside sarcophagi. In addition, a sarcophagus tomb excavated in 2016 in nearby via F.lli Molle, just west of the intersection with via Alighieri (fig. 1, no. 14), and a small sarcophagus investigated in 1985 in the section of via Giannuzzi located just northwest of the intersection with the same via Peri (fig. 1, no. 13) should also belong to the latter necropolis.
In the area immediately south of the greenhouse, where another settlement has been identified (fig. 1, D), several inhumation tombs, dating to the 4th-3rd centuries BC, have been found near the ancient road that is now via Barco (fig. 1, nos. 52 and 53), while further to the southwest a necropolis must have extended along the eastern side of via Vecchia Gemini, which also follows an ancient road axis, just inside the gateway opened in the city wall; here, near the junction with via Rovigo, several tombs dated between the 4th and 2nd centuries BC were unearthed (fig. 1, nos. 49, 50 and 51), among which the so-called "Tomb of the Warrior" stands out, framed between the late 4th and early 3rd centuries B.C and characterized by a rich grave good also including vases in the Gnathia style and black-glazed Attic pottery, bronzes (two strigils, a belt, and a mesomphalic phiale) and a terracotta pileus helmet of Apulian type.
In the flat areas on the southeastern slopes of the Ugento hill, necropolis must have been located in the Armino area, where it was connected to another settlement core (fig. 1, E). Here, the tombs (fig. 1, nos. 66, 67, 68, 70 and 73) were mainly located near a road axis that ran eastward from the Borgo area along the via Salentina, crossing the walls at a gateway that opened near the point where the fortifications reached the today’s via Pastane and near which must have been the tomb to which the inscribed block found a little further north (fig. 1, no. 74) and bearing a Messapian inscription of a funerary character of the 3rd-2nd century BC (MLM 11 Uz), now in the deposits of the Museum. It is also worth mentioning a tomb found in via D'Annunzio (fig. 1, no. 69), other tombs excavated in via Edison (fig. 1, no. 72), just outside the walls, and on the corner of via Goldoni and via Edison itself (fig. 1, no. 71), immediately inside the fortifications, where a small stone box tomb and an infant enchitrismos burial dated to the second half of the 4th-early 3rd century BC were discovered in 2010.
Finally, at the northern end of the area enclosed by the walls, in the S. Antonio and Crocefisso areas an extensive necropolis from the 4th-3rd centuries BC was found, probably related to the nucleus of settlement that extended into the nearby Porchiano area (fig. 1, G). The tombs, mostly consisting of pits dug into the rock, covered by calcarenite slabs, as well as caisson burials, extended mainly between the ancient track traced by via Madonna della Luce, to the west, near the gate where the road axis crossed the walls, and the fortifications themselves, to the east (fig. 1, nos. 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84 and 85); the necropolis, already in use in archaic and classical times, reached its  maximum use between the 4th and 3rd centuries BC., with some tombs still in use even in the late Hellenistic period. To the same funerary area may also belong the caisson tombs found a little further south, along via Madonna della Luce (fig. 1, nos. 75 and 76), while another tomb, probably coeval, is further southeast, at Santisorgi (fig. 1, no. 77), immediately outside the walls; in addition, further isolated burials are found on the northern (fig. 1, nos. 86, 87, 88 and 89) and southern edges of this area (fig. 1, nos. 59 and 60).

The tomb from piazza R. Moro-via Firenze [display case 2]
The tomb was found in 1969, in an area between piazza R. Moro and via Firenze, and it yielded grave goods composed of a few objects (fig. 5), dating to the second half of the 4th century BC. It included a banded columnar crater of local manufacture and a series of miniature vessels, such as a black-painted skyphos and lekythos with a baccellated body, an achromatic saucer and small mouthpiece, and a small situliform vase with red monochrome decoration, characteristic of Messapian funerary trousseaus. The grave also contained a bronze fibula, the type of which is unspecified and is not yet been found. The combination of the indigenous Messapian krater, a local imitation of Greek models, with the potoria cup (in this case the skyphos), confirms the usual composition that characterises Messapian grave goods of this chronological phase.

Tomb 1 from via Salentina [display case 2].
The tomb was found in 1970 in an area within the Borgo along via Salentina, located on the eastern slopes of the old town. It consisted of a stone chest (m 2.35 x 0.95 x 0.90 deep) that had already been looted. The only remaining item of grave goods, a black-painted kantharos with reddish overpainting, allows us to date the tomb between the late 4th and early 3rd centuries BC. 

Tombs 1 and 2 of via Gemini [display case 2].
The ancient road to Gemini probably followed an ancient road axis where a gateway opened in the line of the Messapian city wall: perhaps it was the via Sallentina, which must have left the urban area through this passage. A series of finds, made along the eastern side of the road, highlights the presence of numerous aligned tombs, adjacent to other burial areas, probably belonging to an extensive necropolis used between the late 4th and 2nd centuries BC. 
In 1985 near the intersection of via Gemini and via Rovigo, several burials were identified, including three large limestone slab chest tombs, which yielded grave goods datable to a wide chronological range from the late 4th to the late 2nd century BC, as the presence of grey paste pottery seems to confirm. The finding of pottery dated between the 4th and 3rd centuries BC together with the forms of grey-paste pottery of the late 2nd-century BC suggests the presence of several burials within the same tomb, with older ones being reduced to make room for the newer ones, as was found in Tomb 2.
Tomb 1 consisted of a box made of calcarenite slabs plastered on the inside (3.05 x 1.20 m), containing burial objects (fig. 6) mainly a bell-shaped crater and a skyphos with ring handles in the Gnathia style, the former made by Tarentine workshops, the latter belonging to the "Alexandria Group" which is well documented in Messapian grave goods of this phase. In addition, there are two grey-paste Esquiline style oil lamps, an oscillum, a spindle whorl and a bronze coin from the Republican period, which seem to date the context to the last 25 years of the 3rd and the first half of the 2nd century BC. 
Tomb 2 had walls formed by two overlapping rows of slabs (m 1.56 x 1.06), with a height of about m 1.50 (the upper ones with a rounded edge, jutting inward), while the bottom was made up of soil; here there were three ditches, only one of which contained materials belonging to a previous burial that have been subjected to reduction. The materials found (fig. 7) belong to a series of vessel types and classes, typical of Messapian grave goods, such as a banded dish, two double-handed miniaturistic jars (one unpainted and the other decorated with a brown band), a black-painted oil-lamp and a grey-paste one. A fragmentary transport amphora, a bronze coin of the Roman-Republican age, and fragments related to a probable grey-paste dish are added. The presence of the coin together with the grey-paste pottery lead to the dating of the context between the late 3rd and the second half of the 2nd century BC.

The tomb from via Mare [display case 3]
The tomb was discovered in 1956, near the crossroad of via Mare and via Bolzano, and consists of a monolithic limestone sarcophagus (m 2.10 x 0.80 x 0.85) with a cover made up of two slabs (m 1.05 x 1.25) of great thickness. Inside the structure, the deceased was placed with the skull facing northwest, accompanied by funerary objects dating to the late 4th century BC, mainly miniature vases and two loom weights. Also included in this context were two Apulian red-figure vases (fig. 8), which should be considered valuable objects. The first is an epichysis, a form not particularly common in Messapia, depicting a satyr making a votive offering; it can be attributed to the Menzies Group, a workshop in the circle of the Painters of the Patera and Ganymede that produced small vases. The second vase is a bowl depicting a dancing Amazon among stylised saplings, characterised by richly decorated oriental-style clothing, which can be assigned to a potter close to the Alabastra Group, a workshop producing small vases inspired by the work of the Painter of Darius, dated between 340 and 320 BC. These materials also document the presence in Ugento of Apulian pottery of the more recent phase and not only of vessels referable to Protoapulus or Apulian Antiquity, which are more widely attested.

The tomb from via Casarano [display case 3]
In 1992 in the S. Antonio area, along the eastern edge of the S.P. no. 72 Ugento-Casarano, a grave (m 2.27 x 0.80 x 1.10 deep) was found dug into the rocky bank, which is related to the nearby necropolis excavated in 1986-1987 [see Necropolis of S. Antonio]. Inside the coffin, which was found still covered by a thick slab of carparo, was a single individual in anatomically connected. Two pits were found at the bottom that containing the reduced remains of previous burials and a few pottery fragments. In the central pit, about 30 cm deep, four terracotta appliqué/fibulae with ram protome terminations (fig. 9), which have no relevant comparisons in Messapia, were together with the osteological finds. They are probably clay reproductions of ornamental objects, made in Greece from precious metal. The grave goods of the last deposition (fig. 10) consisted of a trozzella with geometric motifs, an overpainted black-painted baccellated oinochoe, a black-painted lekanis, a banded dish, two miniature vessels, and a black-painted oil-lamp. The objects found allow dating the last use of the tomb to the late 4th-early 3rd century BC. 

The "Tomb of the Warrior" from via Rovigo [display case 4]
The burial was found in 2005, near the intersection between via Rovigo and via Gemini, not far from Tombs 1 and 2 of via Gemini and on the same alignment. It is a large tomb of of the calcarenite slab type (2.20 x 1.00 m), without a cover, in which a few skeletal remains were found relating to the deposition of an adult male, lying on the ground. The deceased was accompanied by rich grave goods, dating from the end of the 4th and the beginning of the 3rd centuries BC, including some particularly valuable items. The burial, together with the nearby tombs in via Gemini, seems to have belonged to a single funerary area, extending along the eastern side of an ancient road, partly traced by the modern road, which left the walls a little further south; its apparently isolated position compared to the other tombs seems to have been almost deliberately intended to create a distance and highlight the different and superior social prestige of the deceased.
Among the various materials used in the grave goods (figs. 11-12), a terracotta pileus helmet of the Apulian-style stands out above all, imitating the metal examples well attested in Messapia, placed close to the head of the inhumed person. Likelihood, it also contains a ritually folded iron fork crest support, corresponding to the upper terminal element of the helmet, i.e. the lophos with feathers, which was applied as an ornament. Despite being made of terracotta, this headdress takes on a "symbolic" value as an indicator of high social status, which is similar to that found in other high-ranking Messapian funerary contexts dating back to the second half of the 4th century BC. The role of the deceased is then explicitly highlighted by the presence of bronze objects, such as a belt with bronze foil plates, with hooks in the shape of cicada's body, placed on the chest, a rather rare element of armament and referable exclusively to characters of high social level, and a pair of strigils. Among the metal artefacts, a bronze patera with a basin decorated with engraved ribs stands out, which belongs to a type of Near Eastern origin ("lotus-bowl"), and is the only example documented in Messapia. Its shape and decoration date it to at least the 5th century BC at least a century older than the grave goods: in all probability, it is a highly prestigious item used for libations, belonging to the noble family, handed down through the generations and buried with this leading exponent of the group.
Among the ceramic material of the grave goods, distributed on the sides of the tomb, some polychrome overpainted vases in the Gnathia style stand out, such as a pelike with a palmette floral motif framing a goose or a swan overpainted in white and two skyphoi with pointed handles ring decorated with floral and vegetal motifs, forms particularly widespread in Messapian funerary objects of the 4th-3rd centuries BC and probably made by a local workshop. Also associated with them are some black-painted vases, such as a small kantharos with a pod on the lower part of the body, an oil lamp and a plate decorated with imprinted rosettes, palmettes, and ovules, and an achromatic single-handled cup.
The presence of bronzes, which are rather rare in this advanced chronological phase, and terracotta pileus helmet of the Apulian-type therefore suggests the high social rank of the deceased, probably a person who held a prominent role, belonging to the aristocracy of the Ugentine Messapian community.
 
The tomb of via Armida [display case 5]
In 2005, during work on the methane network between via N. Armida and via Fratelli Molle, an already looted slab tomb was identified. The grave goods found inside, including two miniature vases painted in brown, a fragmentary black painted oil lamp, a bronze ring, a Republican coin, and several iron nails (fig. 13), suggest that the tomb was used between the end of the 4th-beginning of the 3rd century and the end of the 3rd century BC.

The tomb from via Alighieri-via Cilea [display case 5]
The tomb was found near the crossroad between via Alighieri and via Cilea, close to the Hellenistic wall. The tomb, which had probably already been disturbed, yielded the few surviving elements of a grave good dating between the end of the 4th and the first half of the 3rd century BC, consisting of a banded plate and a two-handled miniature vase.

The necropolis in via Peri [display cases2, 5, 6, 7, 8]
The necropolis, located on the north-western edge of the ancient settlement, close to the Messapian walls, was discovered at various moments during the works for the installation of underground services along the modern road axis; the first burials were excavated in 1965 and 1989, while the largest nucleus was investigated between 2004 and 2005. The grave goods from the most important burials are exhibited in the Museum.
The Tomb from 1965 [display case 2] was identified in the section where via Peri crosses via Indipendenza. It is a slab-box tomb (2.30 x 1 x 0.80 m deep), found plundered, yielding grave goods (fig. 14) consisting of a bell-shaped crater in the Gnathia style, with an ivy branch and a dove in flight, a red-figure lekythos with a missing part of the body , a trozzella, a banded lekane, a thymiaterion foot, an amphora lid, a columnar krater handle and a loom weight. The fragmentation of some vases can be attributed to the activity of illegal immigrants who also removed part of the objects. The preserved objects can be attributed to multiple depositions that can be classified chronologically between the last decades of the 4th and the first half of the 3rd century BC.
Tomb 1 from 1989 [display case 7], consisting of a box of carparo slabs plastered and decorated with red and blue painted bands (1.80 x 1 m), was found near the Messapian city walls. Inside, in addition to the anthropological remains, the grave goods were found (fig. 15) consisting of an oinochoe with black paint overpainted with a female head in profile and hair collected in a sakkos, a large trozzella with phytomorphic decoration, a black-painted lekanis, a banded plate, a miniature hydria, two achromatic cups, and several iron nails. The ceramic materials of the set date very homogeneously to the period between the end of the 4th and the beginning of the 3rd century BC.
Tomb 4 from 2004-2005 [display case 5], a box of stone slabs (2 x 0.90 m), was closed on the north side by a dry-stone wall. Inside, were the remains of a young individual, still anatomically connected, and, at the western end of the tomb, those of an adult individual in reduction. The grave goods, attributed to the last deposition, consist of a basin and a banded plate, a miniaturistic skyphos, a black-painted oil lamp, and a small two-handled brown-painted vase (fig. 16). The objects can be placed in a fairly narrow chronological range between the second half of the 4th and the beginning of the 3rd century BC.
Tomb 8 from 2004-2005 [display case 8], also a box of slabs resting on the rocky bank (2.20 x 1.20 m), contained several deposits. A small pit in the western sector of the tomb contained the reduced remains of a first inhumation; then, the deposition of an individual over three years old were identified and finally the remains of two infants, still anatomically connected, aged between 0 and 1 year, placed on tiles. The intervention of the illegal immigrants made it difficult to assign the individual grave goods to the different burials. Inside the chest two banded plates, four banded and brown-painted cups, a black-painted kantharos, a cup and six brown-painted ointment jars, a two-handled jar, and a black-painted oil lamp were found (fig. 17). All objects are chronologically homogeneous and can be dated between the end of the 4th and the first half of the 3rd century BC.
Tomb 9 from 2004-2005 [display case 8], again containing a box of stone slabs (2.60 x 1.30 m), was found with the lid broken and collapsed inside. Two pits, dug into the rocky floor, contained as many reductions. The eastern part of the tomb contained the remains of an adult individual while, the western part, contained various small grave goods scattered over the entire surface. Two banded plates, an achromatic two-handled cup, two grey paste cups, two black-painted lamps, and an achromatic lamp were found (fig. 18). The range of materials recovered and the presence of the reductions suggest that the tomb was used for multiple burials between the end of the 4th and the end of the 2nd century BC.
Tomb 10 from 2004-2005 [display case 8] differs from the nearby deposits by its different orientation but is built with the same technique as the carparo slabs resting on the rock face (2.26 x 1.25 m). The tomb, found without its cover, contained the remains of an individual in a supine position and the grave goods consisting of two banded plates, a black-painted oil lamp, and a double-handled miniature vase. The burial of at least seven infants, found distraught together with a banded plate, two black- and brown-painted unguentaries, a unpainted double handled jar and a necklace made of glass paste, can be traced back to more recent use of the tomb (fig. 19). Unfortunately, the chaotic state of the finds does not allow the objects to be assigned with certainty to the individual depositions, all of which can be dated between the second half of the 4th and the 3rd century BC.
Tomb 11 from 2004-2005 [display case 6], also with a structure of carparo slabs (2.20 x 1.20 m), was found without its cover. Inside, the body of a woman was identified, lying on the rock surface, with a grave goods consisting of a trozzella with phytomorphic decoration, a black painted oinochoe with engraved motifs on the neck (fig. 20), and a banded plate. However, several depositions of infants on tiles and inside ollas can be attributed to a later use of the tomb. The fragmentation of the osteological finds and ceramic supports did not allow us to determine the number of individuals buried. Only for some of them, it was possible to establish the chronological age between 0 and 1 year. Among the grave goods, that could not be attributed to individual burial, there were three-banded plates, one achromatic plate, one double-handled cup, one single-handled cup, five brown-painted ointment jars, ten double-handled miniature vases (fig. 21), a unpainted lamp, two grey-paste lamps (fig. 22) and a thin-walled olla. The ceramic materials allow us to propose a wide chronological range of use of the tomb from the second half of the 4th to the beginning of the 3rd century BC to the end of the 2nd to the beginning of the 1st century BC.

Tombs 1 and 2 from via Bolzano [display case 9]
In 1979, near the crossroad between via Bolzano and via Bologna, three tombs were discovered, one with a sarcophagus and two with a box made of carparo slabs; the latter yielded funerary objects dating between the second half of the 4th and the beginning of the 3rd century BC.
The grave goods from Tomb 1 (fig. 23), which can be dated between the end of the 4th and the beginning of the 3rd century BC, can be attributed to a female burial due to the presence of the characteristic trozzella-lekane association. It contains a trozzella with banded decoration and vegetal motifs (in the so-called "mixed style"), which can be assigned to the Messapian Subgeometric IIIb-c (350-250 BC), a large achromatic lekane, two double-handled vases partially brown painted and plate bands; to these is added a pair of achromatic vessels, consisting of a plate and a single-handled mouthpiece.
Tomb 2 is of the box type (2.00 x 0.85 x 0.75 m) and the slabs that make it up are 24-25 cm thick; also in this case, the grave goods (fig. 24), dating back to between the middle and the end of the 4th century BC, seem to belong to the deposition of an adult female individual due to the presence of a trozzella with banded decoration and vegetal motifs (in the so-called "mixed style"), attributed to the Messapian Subgeometric IIIb-c (350-250 BC). There was also an Apulian red-figure aryballic lekythos, depicting a crouching dove in profile, made in a workshop linked to the workshop of the Painter of Darius (340-320 BC), and a small group of black-painted ceramics, including a plate, a jug with walls decorated with pods, a skyphos, a podded aryballic lekythos, and a lamp.